Promethium (Pm)
General Properties
| Symbol | Pm |
|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 61 |
| Atomic Weight | (145) |
| Group |
(Lanthanoids)
Solid, Conductor, Lanthanide, Radioactive, Synthetic
|
| Period | 6 |
| Block | f |
Physical Properties
| Density | 7.26 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 22.4 cm3/mole |
| Atomic Radius | -- |
| Covalent Radius | -- |
| Crust Abundance | None |
| Crystal Structure | Hexagonal |
| Color | Silver |
Energy
| Electronegativity | (Pauling Scale) |
|---|---|
| Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mol |
| 1st Ionization Energy | 540 kJ/mol |
| 2nd Ionization Energy | 1050 kJ/mol |
| 3rd Ionization Energy | 2150 kJ/mol |
| 4th Ionization Energy | 3970 kJ/mol |
| Specific Heat Capacity | J g−1 K−1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 17.9 W·m−1·K−1 |
Electrons & Oxidation
| Oxidation States | 3 |
|---|---|
| Electrons Per Shell | 2 8 18 23 8 2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f5 6s2 |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f5 6s2 | |
|
Orbital Diagram
1s ↿⇂ 2s ↿⇂ 2p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 3s ↿⇂ 3p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 3d ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4s ↿⇂ 4p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4d ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4f ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ 5s ↿⇂ 5p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 5d 5f 6s ↿⇂ 6p 6d 6f |
|
Nuclear
| Radioactive | Yes |
|---|---|
| Half Life | 17.73 y |
| Lifetime | 25.56y |
| Decay | Electron Capture |
Media
- Description
- Rare earth metal of synthetic origin on the earth, naturally made in stars.
- Uses
- It has been used as a source of radioactivity for thickness-measuring gages.
- Sources
- Does not occur naturally. Found among fission products of uranium, thorium, and plutonium.
- Pronounciation (English)
- pro-MEE-thi-em
Translations
| Afrikaans | Promethium | |
| Aragonese | Prometio | |
| العربية | بروميثيوم | |
| Armãneashte | Prometiumu | |
| Asturian | Prometiu | |
| azərbaycan | Prometium | |
| български | Прометий | |
| বাংলা | প্রমিথিয়াম | |
| brezhoneg | Prometiom | |
| bosanski | Promethijum, ²Prometij | |
| Byelorussian | Праметый | |
| Cebuano | Prometyo | |
| čeština | Promethium | |
| Chuvash | Промети | |
| Cymraeg | Prometi | |
| dansk | Promethium | |
| Deutsch | Promethium | |
| Ελληνικά | Προμηθειο | |
| English | Promethium | |
| esperanto | Prometio | |
| español | Promécio | |
| eesti | Promeetium | |
| euskara | Prometioa | |
| فارسی | پرومتیم | |
| suomi | Prometium | |
| føroyskt | Promethium | |
| français | Prométhium | |
| Friulian | Prometi | |
| Western Frisian | Promethium | |
| Gaeilge | Próméitiam | |
| Scottish Gaelic | Promèitiam | |
| galego | Prometio | |
| ગુજરાતી | પ્રોમીનિયમનો | |
| Gaelg | Promaiçhum | |
| Hakka | Ki (鉕) | |
| עברית | פרומתיום | |
| हिंदी | प्रोमेथियम | |
| hrvatski | Prometij | |
| magyar | Promécium | |
| հայերեն | Պրոմեթիում | |
| Bahasa Indonesia | Prometium | |
| íslenska | Prómetín, ²Prómeþín | |
| italiano | Promezio | |
| 日本語 | プロメチウム | |
| ქართული | პრომეთიუმი | |
| کٲشُر | Promet | |
| қазақ тілі | Прометий | |
| 한국어 | 프로메튬 | |
| Kurdish | Prometyûm | |
| Komi | Прометий | |
| kernewek | Promethyum | |
| кыргызча | Прометий | |
| Latin | Promethium | |
| Luxembourgish | Promethium | |
| Lombard | Prumézzi | |
| lingála | Pometu | |
| lietuvių | Prometis | |
| latviešu | Prometijs | |
| Mari | Прометий | |
| Maori | Promethium | |
| македонски | Прометиум | |
| മലയാളം | പ്രൊമിതിയം | |
| монгол | Промети | |
| Мокшан | Промети | |
| Bahasa Melayu | Prometium | |
| Malti | Promizjum, ²Promezju | |
| Nahuatl | Prometio | |
| Nederlands | Promethium | |
| norsk | Promethium | |
| Occitan | Prometi | |
| Ossetic | Прометий | |
| polski | Promet | |
| português | Promécio | |
| Quechua | Prometyu | |
| română | Promeţiu | |
| русский | Прометий | |
| slovenčina | Promethium | |
| slovenščina | Prometij | |
| Samoan | Prometimi | |
| Samogitian | Pruometis | |
| Shqip | Promet, ²Promethiumi | |
| Српски | Прометијум | |
| Southern Sotho | Promethiamo | |
| svenska | Prometium | |
| Kiswahili | Promethi | |
| தமிழ் | -- | |
| Tajik | Прометий | |
| ไทย | โพรมีเทียม | |
| Türkçe | Prometyum | |
| Uyghur | جۈي | |
| українська | Прометій | |
| oʻzbekcha | Prometiy | |
| Tiếng Việt | Prometi | |
| Võro | Promeetium | |
| 中文 | 鉅 |
History
- Discovered In
- 1945
- Discovered By
- J. A. Marinsky, Lawrence Glendenin, Charles D. Coryell
- Discovered At
- United States
- Word Origin
- Named after "Prometheus" in Greek mythology, who stole fire from the gods